Why Senators' Approval Ratings Don't Mean Much

With the most recent state-by-state Senator approval ratings from SurveyUSA, I'm noticing a pretty disturbing trend.  Senators' approval ratings don't really mean that much in the grand scheme of things.  Sure, voters in Pennsylvania didn't like Rick Santorum, and he lost handily.  Then again, voters in Montana hated Conrad Burns, and he nearly won.

Lincoln Chafee, on the other hand, just weeks after losing reelection has a 51% approval rating in Rhode Island.  Jon Kyl won reelection despite a 46% approval rating.  Isn't it strange how more voters disapprove of Kyl than approve of him, yet more of them voted to give him another term in the Senate?

There's something bigger at work here.  It's quite simple: Red states, generally, want Republican Senators, and blue states want Democratic Senators.  Conrad Burns nearly survived in Montana because, even if many Montanans didn't like him, they didn't want Democrats to control the Senate, either.  Likewise, Lincoln Chafee lost because even if Rhode Islanders liked him personally, they wanted a Democratic Senate.

Unlike governor's races, which take place in essentially a vacuum -- you don't have to worry about Republicans controlling Congress because you cast a vote for a Republican governor -- Senate races are effectively national.  Local quirks play into it, but you can bet that most voters will ultimately cast a vote for the party they'd like to see controlling the Senate.  I was personally turned off by Harold Ford Jr.'s issue positions on things like abortion and guns, but voted for him for the simple reason that I wanted a Democratic Senate.  Many Republicans, likewise, voted for Bob Corker for a Republican Senate.

Looking at our Senate pickups in 2006, we picked up seats in a few purple states (Ohio, Pennsylvania, Missouri), another that's trending purple (Virginia), a very blue state (Rhode Island), and one red state (Montana.)  Meanwhile, we won in blue Maryland and New Jersey because even if our candidates weren't well-liked, Democratic voters there didn't want to see a Republican Senate any more.

Going back to 2004, we get even more evidence.  We couldn't win open seats in Oklahoma and Alaska despite having superior candidates; we also lost our open seats in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Louisiana.

So keep this in mind when thinking about the 2008 races.  While John Cornyn and Jim Inhofe would seem like inviting targets, Texas and Oklahoma probably won't dump them for Democratic Senators, either.  On the other hand, John Kerry, despite a 50% disapproval rating, probably won't ever be in much trouble if he runs for reelection, because Massachusetts is highly unlikely to want to send a Republican to Washington.  If you believe Cornyn and Inhofe are vulnerable, then you also believe that Kerry is vulnerable; if you believe Saxby Chambliss (52%/36%) is in trouble, then you also believe Dick Durbin (52%/38%) is in trouble.



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Re: You're forgetting the WAVE (none / 0)

One major thing that you are forgetting is the WAVE that hit this country last November 7. The same wave that hit us 12 years ago. Prior to that, three other Waves in the last 40 years.

You are forgetting that this was NOT a normal election cycle. Just like all those incumbent Democratic Senators & incumbent Democratic House members who were swept out of power in 1994.

Without the Huge Democratic Wave that hit our nation, Senators Burns, Talent & Chafee would most likely still be in power. And Tom Kean Jr. would have most likely defeated Menendez in NJ.

The very close margin of victory in MT, MO is proof of that. As for Chafee, ask any friend or relative in Rhode Island. The Chafee's are an Icon in Rhode Island. Their Family has NEVER lost a race prior to Nov. 7 despite years of Democratic voter advantages in the state.

His only sin, as he also repeatedly said, is being a Republican caught in a Nat'l Democratic wave.

Party activists are also talking that if indeed he does switch parties & becomes a Democrat, he will surely be back in power someday maybe as a Governor.

Same in NJ. Any New Jersey party activists would tell you that if not for the strong Anti-Bush Wave in NJ because of Iraq, no way would Menendez beat the popular Kean. In fact, Kean would surely be favored in '08 if he challenges Lautenberg.

That's exactly what a National Wave can do. ( As often warned by Rothenberg & Cook) Some Incumbents who would be safe in a "normal" election year, would find themselves swept out of power because of a very national current.

While Santorum & DeWine would have still lost, other incumbent Republicans like House members especially in the Northeast would have survived a strong challenge without the Anti-Republican Wave.

So Approval Ratings do matter. Look at all the High Approval GOP House members in places like Ohio, NJ & NY who managed to survive the national wave.

Or the High Approval of Gov. Arnold muscleman in California. Despite  the solidly Democratic CA, he handily won.

Unless you expect to see a National Wave every two years, Job Performance does matter.

You have to remember that your average voter out there is not like you & me. We are partisan, active, well informed, Democrats.

They don't vote & analyze things on purely party affiliation. The politicians individual performance is still what matters to them.

Most Independent voters ( who happen to be normal & not political junkies) don't vote based purely on ticket splitting. They still look at the individuals as opposed to voting based on party lines.

The only exception is a Wave. And who knows when the next wave will be.(


by labanman on Mon Nov 27, 2006 at 02:50:47 AM EST

Re: You're forgetting the WAVE (none / 0)

Look at South Dakota's last two elections -- were Johnson and Daschle popular heading into the election?  Johnson currently sports an approval rating in the 70s.  I don't know about Daschle.  However, Johnson barely survived in 2002 and Daschle lost in 2004.  Do you think that had something to do with South Dakota wanting a Republican Senator?  Same with Max Cleland in 2002.  Sure, those were both Republican years, but I would hardly call either one of those a wave.  Democratic Senators in North Dakota have won easily, but then Republicans haven't fielded strong candidates against either of them.  Also look at the 2004 races in Oklahoma and Alaska.  Strong Democratic candidates against relatively weak Republicans -- and the Democrats still don't win.

The Burns election only sharpens the point.  What happens without the wave?  Republican Montana reelects an unpopular Republican Senator.  That means that if 2008 isn't a wave, Republican Oklahoma and Texas reelect their (rather) unpopular Republican Senators.

New Jersey isn't as Democratic as you think; you're right about that.  Would Menendez have won without the wave?  I don't know.  However, New Jersey isn't as Democratic as Maryland, nor is it as Democratic as Montana, Oklahoma, and Texas are Republican.


by Tom on Mon Nov 27, 2006 at 04:50:25 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Why Senators' Approval Ratings Don't Mean Much (none / 0)

Good post. I made a similar comment in the senatorial approval rating thread a week or two ago, that state partisanship and specifically the number of self-identified liberals and conservatives are much more revealing of likely pickups than current approval rating.

Frankly, you can't make the odds high enough on ousting Cornyn, Inhofe or Chambliss. They would have to replicate the Allen and Burns implosive game plans, and toss in plenty of Bunning from 2004. You have to field a strong candidate in case that does happen. Just don't count on it ahead of time. I'll continue to assert our second tier pickup opportunities will come from the states more naturally favorable to us.

Missouri, Virginia and Montana are all in the same neighborhood, in terms of self-identified conservatives if not geophraphy. All are between 35 and 37%. There is a monumental difference once you jump from that level to a Texas or Tennessee, which are in the mid 40s. Just do the basic math, assigning the typical percentage of conservatives voting for the Republican candidate. A Harold Ford would have won easily if Tennessee had the same makeup of a Montana, Missouri or Virginia. If he were in a 40% state he wins. But the extra 4 or 5% is lethal.

I deal with numerical realties like that every day in sports. A college basketball team that allows 63 points per game is significantly more reliable at home than one surrendering 66. A pro QB with 7.5 yards per attempt is a star while 6.8 is a rank mediocrity. I guess it's not as obvious in politics.

In 2002 we stole the Arkansas senate seat from a troubled incumbent, fielding a popular Democrat in Pryor with a family history in the state. That's the only recent senate triumph in an open race or vs. an incumbent in a state with 40+% self-identified conservatives. In 2006 it was unfortunate we didn't have any of the races like Alaska 2004, Florida 2004 or North Carolina 2002/2004. Those potentially could have been won in a wind-blown 3 or 4% climate.

So how do Democrats improve those self-descriptive numbers, like bumping the number of liberals in states like Wisconsin and Montana while dropping conservative percentages in Missouri and Nevada? I have no idea, but I hope the party is working on it. I don't think you can sit back and wait for natural demographic shifts like in Northern Virginia, or sections of Colorado.


by Gary Kilbride on Mon Nov 27, 2006 at 03:01:08 AM EST

Re: Why Senators' Approval Ratings Don't Mean Much (none / 0)

That's a great point.  "Independent" does not necessarily mean "equally inclined to vote for either party."  My mother calls herself independent, but since I've been following politics I can't recall her ever voting for a Republican.  My grandfather, on the other hand, calls himself independent, but I would say he rarely, if ever, votes Democratic.

If it's not a wave, "independents" in Texas and Oklahoma and such states will probably decide to hold their noses and vote for the incumbent rather than send a Democrat to Washington.


by Tom on Mon Nov 27, 2006 at 04:59:50 AM EST
[ Parent ]

Re: Why Senators' Approval Ratings Don't Mean Much (none / 0)

The only person i can see taking the second seat in Virgina from John Warner is Mark Warner.


by orin76 on Mon Nov 27, 2006 at 04:06:05 PM EST


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